Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 10: Reduced Inequalities

10.1: Research on Reduced Inequalities

Caraga State University (CSU) actively advances the global agenda on reducing inequalities through research initiatives that address social, economic, and environmental disparities at the local, regional, and national levels. The University’s research endeavors focus on promoting inclusive development, equitable access to resources, and social justice—particularly within marginalized and vulnerable sectors in Mindanao and the Caraga Region. By fostering interdisciplinary studies on poverty reduction, gender equity, indigenous peoples’ empowerment, accessible education, and sustainable livelihoods, CSU contributes valuable knowledge and evidence-based solutions that support the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities). These research efforts reflect CSU’s enduring commitment to building a more inclusive and equitable society through innovation, collaboration, and community engagement.

Between 2022 and 2024, Caraga State University (CSU) has demonstrated its growing contribution to advancing research aligned with Sustainable Development Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities). During this period, the university produced three (3) Scopus-indexed publications specifically related to reducing social, economic, and educational disparities. These studies address themes such as social inclusion, equitable access to education, digital empowerment, and sustainable community development, particularly in underserved and rural contexts within the Caraga Region.

The research outputs achieved a Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) of 1.35 and a total citation count of 17, signifying that CSU’s work is cited 35% more often than the global average for similar research fields. This performance underscores the relevance, quality, and growing influence of CSU’s scholarly contributions in promoting equality and inclusive development.

10.2.1: Proportion of First-Generation Students

Caraga State University (CSU) remains dedicated to providing equitable access to higher education, particularly for students who are the first in their families to attend college. In 2024, 55.8% (1,133 out of 4,427) of new degree entrants were identified as first-generation college students. This significant proportion underscores CSU’s vital role in promoting inclusive education, social mobility, and regional development in the Caraga Region and beyond.

The presence of a large number of first-generation students reflects CSU’s strong commitment to reducing inequalities by extending educational opportunities to learners from underserved and marginalized communities. Through its inclusive admission policies, scholarship programs, and student support initiatives, the University empowers these learners to access quality education and achieve upward social and economic mobility.

The impact of enrolling 55.8% first-generation students is multifaceted:

1. Improved Access: Demonstrates CSU’s effectiveness in reaching learners from low-income and rural backgrounds, reducing barriers to higher education.
2. Social and Economic Empowerment: Enables students to acquire knowledge and skills that enhance employability, entrepreneurship, and lifelong learning.
3. Poverty Reduction and Equity: Helps break intergenerational cycles of poverty by providing pathways for personal and community development.
4. Institutional Commitment to Inclusion: Strengthens CSU’s identity as a transformative university that prioritizes inclusive growth and social justice.

Through these achievements, Caraga State University actively advances the objectives of SDG 10.2.1 (Reduced Inequalities) by ensuring that first-generation students are given equal opportunities to learn, succeed, and contribute meaningfully to society. CSU’s continued commitment to accessibility and inclusivity exemplifies its role as a catalyst for empowerment, resilience, and sustainable development.

10.3: International Students from Developing Countries

Caraga State University (CSU) continues to strengthen its global engagement and international collaboration through initiatives that welcome students from developing countries. In a milestone first-ever academic exchange, three international students from the Institute of Technology of Cambodia (ITC)—Ms. Phon Sreypich, Ms. Chy Kouyseang, and Mr. Chuon Samphet—participated in CSU’s Geo-STEMS 2025 Summit and Short-term Exchange Program. These students, from ITC’s Faculty of Geo-resources and Geotechnical Engineering (GGE), were hosted by the university until October 2025.

The program, coordinated by the Caraga Center for Geo-informatics (CCGeo) in partnership with the Departments of Geology, Geodetic Engineering, and Civil Engineering, provided hands-on learning opportunities in geological fieldwork, including studies on river geomorphology in Taguibo, Agusan del Norte, and cave and coastal geomorphology in Surigao City, Surigao del Norte. This initiative is part of the ongoing Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between CSU and ITC, reflecting the University’s commitment to knowledge exchange, capacity building, and cross-cultural understanding.

First Inbound International Students from Cambodia

10.4.1: Proportion of Students with Disabilities

Caraga State University (CSU) upholds its strong commitment to promoting inclusivity, accessibility, and equality within higher education, in alignment with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 10: Reduced Inequalities.

For the reporting period, CSU recorded a total student population of 11,920, of which 54 students were identified as persons with disabilities. This figure represents approximately 0.45% of the entire student body.

This data reflects the University’s ongoing efforts to ensure that students with disabilities have equitable access to academic programs, campus facilities, and student services. CSU continues to strengthen its support mechanisms through the provision of assistive technologies, inclusive learning spaces, reasonable accommodations, and guidance services designed to foster a barrier-free and empowering educational environment.

By maintaining inclusive admission practices and implementing responsive policies for learners with special needs, Caraga State University demonstrates its proactive role in advancing educational equity and social inclusion, thereby contributing directly to the realization of SDG 10.4.1 and the broader objectives of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

10.5.1: Proportion of Employees with Disabilities

Caraga State University (CSU) is committed to fostering an inclusive and equitable workplace that upholds the principles of diversity, accessibility, and equal opportunity for all members of its academic community. In line with Sustainable Development Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities), the University ensures that employment policies and practices promote the participation of persons with disabilities in the workforce.

For the reporting year, CSU recorded a total of 823 employees, of which 8 employees were identified as persons with disabilities. This represents 0.97% of the total workforce.

This data demonstrates the University’s ongoing effort to create a supportive and accessible working environment where individuals with disabilities are valued and empowered to contribute meaningfully to institutional goals. CSU continues to enhance its inclusion strategies by improving accessibility of facilities, providing reasonable accommodations, and promoting awareness of disability rights and inclusion across all sectors of the University.

Through these initiatives, Caraga State University exemplifies its dedication to reducing inequalities within its organization and ensuring that employment opportunities remain inclusive, fair, and non-discriminatory, in alignment with SDG 10.5.1.

10.6.1: Non-Discriminatory Admissions Policy

Caraga State University (CSU) maintains a firm institutional commitment to equal access, inclusivity, and fairness in all aspects of academic life. In alignment with Sustainable Development Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities), the University enforces comprehensive policies that guarantee non-discriminatory admission and treatment of all students, employees, and stakeholders.

The CSU Student Handbook reinforces this commitment under Chapter 2: Academic Policies, Section 2.1 Admission and Registration, Subsection 1: General Policy for Entrance Application, which explicitly states that:

“No student shall be denied admission to the University by reason of race, age, gender, socio-economic status, or religious belief.”

This clause embodies CSU’s dedication to equitable access to education by ensuring that every qualified applicant is given the opportunity to enroll and succeed, regardless of background or circumstance.

In addition, the University’s Safe Space Code, approved through Board of Regents (BOR) Resolution No. 81-20, s. 2023, further institutionalizes non-discrimination through Section 5: Policy on Non-Discrimination Against Women and Members of the LGBTQIA+ Community. This policy safeguards the rights of women and LGBTQIA+ individuals by:

• Prohibiting their exclusion or marginalization from educational opportunities and academic advancement (Sec. 5.1);
• Protecting employees and students from discrimination in hiring, promotion, and workplace treatment (Sec. 5.2); and
• Ensuring a safe environment for participation in education and skills development without fear of bias or exclusion (Sec. 5.3).

Together, these policies reflect CSU’s proactive stance in creating a diverse, inclusive, and respectful learning environment. Through the implementation of both its Student Handbook provisions and Safe Space Code, Caraga State University upholds the principles of equality, human dignity, and social justice, making significant contributions to the realization of SDG 10.6.1.

Indicator 10.6.2: Access to University Track Underrepresented Groups Applications

For the reporting year, CSU recorded the following student demographics among underrepresented populations:

• 1,623 Indigenous Peoples (IPs)
• 54 Persons with Disabilities (PWDs)
• 260 Solo Parents
• 39 Students with Mental Disability

These figures demonstrate CSU’s commitment to serving as an inclusive academic institution that upholds the rights and educational aspirations of historically disadvantaged groups. The University’s open and non-discriminatory admission policies, coupled with various scholarship and support programs, enable these students to pursue higher education without prejudice or systemic barriers.

Furthermore, CSU implements targeted initiatives such as community-based outreach, partnerships with local government units and Indigenous Peoples’ organizations, and gender and development programs that strengthen access and retention for students from vulnerable backgrounds.

Through these continuing efforts, Caraga State University exemplifies the principles of equity, inclusivity, and social justice in higher education—ensuring that all learners, regardless of ethnicity, ability, or social circumstance, are given equal opportunities to succeed. These actions directly contribute to the realization of SDG 10.6.2 and reinforce CSU’s role as a catalyst for reducing inequalities in the Caraga Region and beyond.

10.6.3: Access to University for Underrepresented Groups – Recruitment

One of the University’s key initiatives is the Pre-University Intervention Program, designed to prepare and support underrepresented learners before they formally enter degree programs. This program provides academic enrichment, mentoring, and orientation activities aimed at bridging educational gaps, enhancing readiness for university-level coursework, and fostering confidence among students who may be the first in their families to pursue higher education.

Through proactive outreach and support, the Pre-University Intervention Program ensures that CSU reaches underserved populations, promotes equity in admissions, and creates pathways for students who might otherwise be excluded due to socio-economic, geographic, or cultural barriers. By implementing such planned recruitment actions, Caraga State University reinforces its mission to increase access, reduce inequalities, and empower marginalized groups, directly contributing to the objectives of SDG 10.6.3 and promoting inclusive higher education across the Caraga Region.

10.6.4: Anti-Discrimination Policy

Caraga State University (CSU) upholds a strong institutional commitment to promoting equality, respect, and inclusivity across all areas of its academic and administrative operations. Guided by Sustainable Development Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities), the University enforces comprehensive policies and mechanisms to prevent and address all forms of discrimination, ensuring that every member of the CSU community is treated with dignity and fairness.

A key institutional policy supporting this commitment is the Safe Spaces Code, approved under Board of Regents (BOR) Resolution No. 81-20, s. 2023, which establishes the Safe Spaces Development Program. This code serves as a framework for fostering a safe, inclusive, and discrimination-free environment within the University. Specifically, Section 4 of the Safe Spaces Code outlines the Policy on Equal Access, guaranteeing that all students, faculty, and employees are provided equal opportunities regardless of gender, sexual orientation, age, religion, ethnicity, or socio-economic background.

To operationalize this commitment, CSU has established dedicated committees to handle Gender-Based Sexual Harassment (GBSH) cases, ensuring due process, accountability, and the protection of victims’ rights. These committees include:

• Administrative Committee for Gender-Based Sexual Harassment Cases
• Academic Committee for Gender-Based Sexual Harassment Cases
• Student Committee for Gender-Based Sexual Harassment Cases

These specialized bodies demonstrate CSU’s proactive stance in upholding zero tolerance for discrimination and harassment across all sectors of the University. They ensure that complaints are addressed promptly and fairly, fostering a culture of respect, gender sensitivity, and inclusiveness.

Through the implementation of the Safe Spaces Development Program, the Safe Spaces Code, and its anti-discrimination and anti-harassment mechanisms, Caraga State University reinforces its role as a safe and equitable institution that champions human rights, gender equality, and social justice. These initiatives directly contribute to the achievement of SDG 10.6.4 (Anti-Discrimination Policy) and advance the broader goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

10.6.5: University Diversity Officer

Caraga State University (CSU) demonstrates its institutional commitment to diversity, inclusion, and equality through the establishment of mechanisms and committees that promote a safe, respectful, and discrimination-free environment for all members of the University community. In alignment with Sustainable Development Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities), CSU ensures that the principles of equity, gender sensitivity, and social justice are integrated into its governance, administration, and campus culture.

To uphold these principles, CSU has constituted the University Committee on Decorum and Investigation (CODI), which serves as the primary body responsible for addressing and preventing gender-based sexual harassment (GBSH) and related discriminatory practices. This committee functions in accordance with national laws and institutional policies, including the Safe Spaces Act (Republic Act No. 11313) and the University’s own Safe Spaces Code, approved under Board of Regents (BOR) Resolution No. 81-20, s. 2023.

The University CODI is composed of specialized subcommittees to ensure that all cases are handled appropriately and with due regard for fairness and confidentiality. These include:

• Administrative Committee for Gender-Based Sexual Harassment Cases
• Academic Committee for Gender-Based Sexual Harassment Cases
• Student Committee for Gender-Based Sexual Harassment Cases

Through these committees, CSU effectively performs the functions of a University Diversity Office, ensuring that issues related to harassment, discrimination, and inequality are addressed promptly and systematically. These bodies also conduct awareness campaigns, gender-sensitivity training, and policy enforcement to strengthen a culture of inclusivity and respect within the campus.

By maintaining the University Committee on Decorum and Investigation as a dedicated mechanism for ensuring equal treatment and safeguarding the rights of all stakeholders, Caraga State University underscores its steadfast commitment to advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion. This initiative directly contributes to the realization of SDG 10.6.5 (University Diversity Officer) and supports the broader goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development by ensuring that no one is left behind in the pursuit of education and professional growth.

10.6.6: Support for Underrepresented Groups

Caraga State University (CSU) continually demonstrates its commitment to student welfare, inclusivity, and equitable support through initiatives that address the needs of underrepresented and vulnerable groups in its academic community. In alignment with Sustainable Development Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities), the University provides programs that promote student well-being, equal opportunity, and holistic development, ensuring that all learners are supported in achieving academic success.

One notable initiative is the “Pause to Pass” program, launched by the Office of Counseling and Career Services (OCCS) during term examinations. This activity offers free porridge (pospas) to students on campus, promoting the importance of a nutritious breakfast—recognized as essential for concentration and cognitive performance, particularly during examinations. Beyond addressing nutritional needs, the program encourages students to pause, reflect, and manage stress, fostering both mental and emotional well-being.

According to OCCS Head Joanne A. Salan, RGC, the initiative underscores the University’s recognition of the vital connection between nutrition, mental health, and academic performance. The activity was conducted in collaboration with the Office of Student Welfare and Engagements (OSWE) and received full support from University President Rolyn C. Daguil, who commended the initiative and expressed his intention to mainstream it across the University.

Through initiatives such as Pause to Pass, CSU demonstrates genuine care and institutional responsiveness to the needs of underrepresented and at-risk students, including those who may face economic challenges or limited access to proper nutrition. These support mechanisms contribute to the University’s inclusive environment, where no student is left behind, and align directly with the objectives of SDG 10.6.6 – Support for Underrepresented Groups and the broader goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

“Pause to Pass” – Free Breakfast

10.6.7: Accessible Facilities

Caraga State University (CSU) is strongly committed to ensuring that its campus remains inclusive, accessible, and supportive of all members of its academic community, particularly persons with disabilities (PWDs). In alignment with Sustainable Development Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities), CSU continuously enhances its physical infrastructure and campus facilities to remove barriers and promote equal access to education, services, and opportunities.

The University provides several accessible facilities designed to accommodate the needs of PWDs and other vulnerable groups:

• Library Accessibility: The CSU Library has a dedicated section for PWDs located on the first floor, ensuring convenient access to learning materials, study areas, and library resources.
• Child Care and Breastfeeding Room: Situated at the Administration Building, this facility supports student-parents and employees, promoting inclusivity, health, and work–life balance.
• Building Ramps: CSU has installed ramps in various buildings across the campus to improve physical accessibility for students, employees, and visitors with mobility challenges.

These facilities reflect CSU’s commitment to providing a safe, inclusive, and equitable learning environment that upholds the dignity and rights of every individual. By maintaining and improving infrastructure that accommodates people of all abilities, Caraga State University actively contributes to the realization of SDG 10.6.7 (Accessible Facilities) and supports the broader goal of reducing inequalities in higher education.

10.6.8: Disability Support Services

Caraga State University (CSU) is firmly committed to fostering an inclusive and supportive academic environment that empowers persons with disabilities (PWDs) and ensures their equitable access to education and campus services. In line with Sustainable Development Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities), the University implements dedicated support programs that promote accessibility, well-being, and active participation of PWDs in university life.

Among its disability support initiatives, CSU provides discounted dormitory fees for students with disabilities. This measure offers financial assistance and promotes social inclusion by ensuring that students with special needs can access safe, affordable, and convenient campus housing. Additionally, the University Clinic conducts regular medical check-ups for senior CSU personnel, reflecting the University’s holistic approach to health and well-being, especially for individuals with age-related or physical limitations.

To further advance awareness and inclusivity, the Office of the Vice President for Student Affairs and Auxiliary Services (OVPSAAS) organized a Symposium on the Magna Carta for Persons with Disabilities on December 6, in collaboration with the Office of Student Welfare and Engagements (OSWE), Office of Student Leadership and Development (OSLD), Office of Counseling and Career Services (OCCS), and the College of Humanities and Social Sciences–Local Student Government (CHASS-LSG). This event aimed to enhance understanding of the rights of PWDs, encourage empathy and respect, and reinforce CSU’s commitment to a culture of inclusivity and equality.

Symposium on the Magna Carta for Persons with Disability

Through these programs and initiatives, Caraga State University demonstrates its dedication to creating a safe, inclusive, and empowering learning environment for persons with disabilities. These actions directly contribute to the realization of SDG 10.6.8 (Disability Support Services) and reaffirm CSU’s mission to promote equity, dignity, and equal opportunity for all members of its academic community.

Indicator 10.6.9: Disability Access Scheme

To support students with disabilities, CSU offers discounted dormitory fees as a form of financial assistance. This policy promotes inclusivity and accessibility by reducing the financial barriers that may prevent PWDs from securing safe and comfortable housing on campus. The University also provides ramps across various buildings, enabling students and staff with mobility challenges to move freely and safely within the campus environment.

CSU also integrates health and well-being initiatives into its Disability Access Scheme. The University Clinic conducts regular medical check-ups for senior CSU personnel, ensuring that age-related and physical needs are properly addressed. Moreover, the Office of the Vice President for Student Affairs and Auxiliary Services (OVPSAAS) spearheaded a Symposium on the Magna Carta for Persons with Disabilities on December 6, in collaboration with the Office of Student Welfare and Engagements (OSWE), Office of Student Leadership and Development (OSLD), Office of Counseling and Career Services (OCCS), and the College of Humanities and Social Sciences–Local Student Government (CHASS-LSG).

This event aimed to enhance awareness of the rights of persons with disabilities, strengthen advocacy for inclusivity, and inspire active participation in creating a more accessible and respectful learning environment.

Through these measures—financial support, accessible infrastructure, health programs, and advocacy initiatives—Caraga State University demonstrates a holistic approach to disability inclusion. These actions reflect CSU’s dedication to removing barriers, promoting equality, and fostering an inclusive academic community, in full support of SDG 10.6.9 (Disability Access Scheme).

10.6.10: Disability Accommodation Policy

Caraga State University (CSU) demonstrates a strong commitment to equity, inclusivity, and accessibility through the implementation of its Disability Accommodation Policy, which is embedded within the Safe Spaces Development Program approved under Board of Regents (BOR) Resolution No. 81-20, s. 2023.

As stipulated in Section 4: Policy on Equal Access, this policy ensures that all individuals—regardless of socio-economic status, age, marital status, ethnicity, religion, disability, race, sex, or gender identity and expression—have equal access to educational opportunities, campus facilities, and participation in decision-making processes. By explicitly including disability as a protected category, the University guarantees that students, faculty, and staff with disabilities can fully engage in academic, administrative, and extracurricular activities without barriers or discrimination.

This comprehensive policy supports inclusive learning environments and promotes equitable participation across the University community. It also serves as the foundation for practical accommodations, such as accessible facilities, ramps, dedicated PWD areas in the library, and other support mechanisms that ensure students and staff with disabilities can navigate the campus safely and independently.

Through the Safe Spaces Code, CSU aligns its operations with SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) by fostering a culture of respect, accessibility, and non-discrimination, and by embedding disability inclusion into the institution’s policies, programs, and governance. This initiative underscores the University’s commitment to ensuring equal opportunity and full participation for persons with disabilities in all aspects of academic and campus life.

Indicator 10.6.11: Anti-Harassment Policy

Caraga State University (CSU) demonstrates its strong commitment to fostering a safe, inclusive, and equitable campus environment through its Anti-Harassment Policy, as outlined in the Safe Spaces Development Program, approved under Board of Regents (BOR) Resolution No. 81-20, s. 2023.

Section 11 of the Safe Spaces Code establishes the Committee on Office Decorum and Investigation (CODI), which is responsible for handling all cases of harassment within the University. The CODI is structured to ensure gender-balanced representation, with a woman serving as chairperson and at least half of its members being women, thereby promoting fairness, equity, and inclusivity in the decision-making process.

The CODI is further constituted into three specialized subcommittees to address harassment across different sectors of the University:

• Administrative Committee – addressing gender-based sexual harassment cases involving administrative staff
• Academic Committee – addressing gender-based sexual harassment cases involving faculty
• Student Committee – addressing gender-based sexual harassment cases involving students

Through this multi-tiered structure, CSU ensures that all harassment complaints are handled systematically, fairly, and sensitively, with proper investigation, accountability, and protection of victims’ rights.